000			03346cam a22002894a 4500
020			_a1589011201 (hardcover : alk. paper) _cTzs 71,000/=
020			_a9781589011205 (hardcover : alk. paper)
020			_a158901121X (pbk. : alk. paper)
020			_a9781589011212 (pbk. : alk. paper)
040			_aMUL _beng. _eAACR
082	0	0	_a363.345610973 BIR
100	1		_aBirkland, Thomas A.
245	1	0	_aLessons of disaster : _bpolicy change after catastrophic events / _cThomas A. Birkland.
260			_aWashington, D.C. : _bGeorgetown University Press, _cc2006.
300			_axviii, 216 p. : _bill. ; _c23 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 197-207) and index.
505	0		_aSeptember 11, learning, and policy change -- Learning from aviation security disasters -- Learning from earthquakes and hurricanes.
520			_aEven before the wreckage of a disaster is cleared, one question is foremost in the minds of the public: "What can be done to prevent this from happening again?" Today, news media and policymakers often invoke the "lessons of September 11" and the "lessons of Hurricane Katrina." Certainly, these unexpected events heightened awareness about problems that might have contributed to or worsened the disasters, particularly about gaps in preparation. Inquiries and investigations are made that claim that "lessons" were "learned" from a disaster, leading us to assume that we will be more ready the next time a similar threat looms, and that our government will put in place measures to protect us. In Lessons of Disaster, Thomas Birkland takes a critical look at this assumption. We know that disasters play a role in setting policy agendas—in getting policymakers to think about problems—but does our government always take the next step and enact new legislation or regulations? To determine when and how a catastrophic event serves as a catalyst for true policy change, the author examines four categories of disasters: aviation security, homeland security, earthquakes, and hurricanes. He explores lessons learned from each, focusing on three types of policy change: change in the larger social construction of the issues surrounding the disaster; instrumental change, in which laws and regulations are made; and political change, in which alliances are created and shifted. Birkland argues that the type of disaster affects the types of lessons learned from it, and that certain conditions are necessary to translate awareness into new policy, including media attention, salience for a large portion of the public, the existence of advocacy groups for the issue, and the preexistence of policy ideas that can be drawn upon. This timely study concludes with a discussion of the interplay of multiple disasters, focusing on the initial government response to Hurricane Katrina and the negative effect the September 11 catastrophe seems to have had on reaction to that tragedy
650		0	_aPolitical planning _zUnited States.
650		0	_aPolicy sciences.
650		0	_aEmergency management _zUnited States _vCase studies.
650		0	_aDisaster relief _zUnited States _vCase studies.
650		0	_aNatural disasters _zUnited States _vCase studies.
650		0	_aAeronautics _zUnited States _vCase studies.
856	4	1	_uhttp://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip067/2006003282.html
942			_cBK
999			_c329 _d329